Real Options Valuation (ROV) is a sophisticated financial modelling approach that extends the principles of financial options theory to assess the strategic value embedded in investment opportunities, enabling a more nuanced evaluation of uncertain and dynamic projects. The importance of Real Options Valuation lies in its ability to capture the flexibility and strategic choices available to decision-makers in the face of uncertainty, especially in the context of early-stage startups. ROV aims to recognise and quantify the value of managerial flexibility in response to changing market conditions, technological advancements, or competitive landscapes. This methodology becomes essential in the early stages of startups, where flexibility and adaptability are critical for survival and growth. Industries marked by high uncertainty and innovation, such as technology and biotech, benefit significantly from Real Options Valuation due to these sectors’ inherent unpredictability and volatility. By considering the strategic value of various options, such as delaying investment or expanding into new markets, ROV provides a comprehensive framework for decision-making, allowing entrepreneurs and investors to navigate uncertainties, allocate resources effectively, and make informed strategic choices. By incorporating the dynamic nature of early-stage ventures, Real Options Valuation enhances the traditional valuation methods. It contributes to a more holistic understanding of a startup’s potential, fostering agility and resilience in a rapidly evolving business landscape.